Pale & Balanced water profile
A style-based profile for pale beers that want roundness rather than a hard mineral edge — sulfate and chloride near parity, moderate calcium for yeast health and clarity, and low alkalinity so a pale grist reaches mash pH range with only a modest acid addition.
| Ion | Concentration (ppm) |
|---|---|
| Calcium (Ca²⁺) | 80 |
| Magnesium (Mg²⁺) | 8 |
| Sodium (Na⁺) | 15 |
| Sulfate (SO₄²⁻) | 120 |
| Chloride (Cl⁻) | 100 |
| Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) | 40 |
Brewing with this profile
A safe starting point for most pale ales, blondes, and hop-forward lagers. It flatters both malt and hops without pushing either; drift sulfate up or chloride up from here as the beer tells you.
Suits: Pale ale · Blonde ale · Hoppy lager
Brew with this profile →The calculator loads this target, compares it against your source water ion by ion, and computes the mineral and acid additions to close the gap — with a live mash pH prediction.
Historical city profiles are factual water chemistry compiled from published references (Palmer & Kaminski, Water: A Comprehensive Guide for Brewers, 2013, and the historical brewing literature). Style-based profiles are brewwtr originals derived from published style guidance. Derived values use Kolbach's residual alkalinity (1953).